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Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
What is HPV? Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
is the name of a group of viruses that include more than 100
different strains or types. More
than 30 of these viruses are sexually transmitted and they can
infect the genital area of men and women including the skin of the
penis, vulva (area outside the vagina), or anus, and the linings of
the vagina, cervix, or rectum.1
Some of these viruses are called
"high-risk" types and may cause abnormal Pap Tests. They may also
lead to cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, or penis. Others
are called "low-risk" types and they may cause mild Pap Test
abnormalities or genital warts.2
How Do You Get HPV? HPV
can be transmitted through sexual activity that involves genital
contact with a person that is infected with the virus.
Many who are infected may not show
symptoms and don’t know that they have it, so they can pass on the
virus without even knowing it.
How Can I Tell if I Have It? Since many people do not show any symptoms, you need to be tested to determine if you have the virus. For women, a Pap Test can detect the presence of abnormal or precancerous cells in the lining of cervix. A Pap Test is generally part of a full gynecological exam. This test along with your gynecological exam can help detect precancerous cells related to HPV. Early detection of these abnormal or precancerous cells is important for successful treatment. For women, doctors recommend that at age 21 or within three years after the first time that you've had sexual intercourse that you receive a Pap Test and Pelvic Exam.3
Isn’t There a Vaccine for HPV? Yes there is a vaccine for
HPV, however, it is recommended for a very specific age group.
The
FDA (Food and Drug Administration) licensed a vaccine called
Gardasil® for use in girls and women ages 9 -26 years of age. The HPV Vaccine protects against 4
strains of HPV, which cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers
and 90% of genital warts. The vaccine is given as a series of three
(3) shots over a six-month period.4 It’s most effective when given prior to becoming
sexually active or exposed to the four (4) strains of HPV covered by
the vaccine. While
the HPV Vaccine has been tested in young girls and women ages 9 -26,
there may be side effects associated with the vaccine. It’s really important that you talk with
your health care provider to determine the best approach for you or
your daughter.
Is there a Cost for the HPV Vaccine?
The average cost for the HPV Vaccine itself is approximately $400.00 for the three (3) shot series. There are
also office visit costs, which may add another $100.00 - $200.00 to the total cost. Most health insurance companies that pay for immunizations also pay for the HPV Vaccine. The Federal Vaccine for Children (VFC)
Program covers the cost of the HPV Vaccine. You should check with your health insurance provider and your
state health department regarding coverage and eligibility. In Iowa, call 1-800-831-6293 or (515) 281-7053 for
more information about the Vaccine for Children (VFC) Program.
Is there an HPV Vaccine for Men?
Right now there is no HPV
Vaccine for men or young boys.
Currently, there are several studies
being conducted to determine the effectiveness of the vaccine in
preventing HPV in males.
Click any of the links below for more information
about HPV, the HPV Vaccine, and Cervical Cancer
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) Fact Sheets
about HPV, the HPV
Vaccine and Cervical Cancer
Cervical Cancer: Basic Facts on Screening and the Pap Test
HPV Vaccine
Questions and Answers
CDC Recommendations on the Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine 1, 2
Centers for Disease Control Genital HPV Infection Fact Sheet 3
Centers
for Disease Control Division of Cancer Prevention and Control 4
Centers for Disease Control HPV Vaccine
Questions and Answers
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